Counting descents, rises, and levels, with prescribed first element, in words
Sergey Kitaev, Toufik Mansour, Jeff Remmel
Abstract
Recently, Kitaev and Remmel refined the well-known permutation
statistic
``descent'' by fixing parity of one of the descent's numbers which was
extended
and generalized in several ways in the literature. In this paper, we
shall
fix a set partition of the natural numbers ℕ,
(ℕ1,
…, ℕs), and we study the distribution
of
descents, levels, and rises according to whether the first letter of
the
descent, rise, or level lies in ℕi over
the set
of words over the alphabet [k]= {1,…,k}.
In
particular, we refine and generalize some of the results by Burstein
and Mansour.
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